Jain Panchang 1948
The Jain Panchang (Vira Nirvana Samvat). Each day shows its tithi and nakshatra, with the Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan, Samvatsari, the Rohini Vrats, Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli.
October 1948
Vira Nirvana Samvat 2474
Vikram Samvat 2005 (Plava)
Ashwina – Kartika
Timings shown for New Delhi (IST) at sunrise - use the city box at the top to change it. Solar months begin by each tradition's own Sankranti rule (same-day, next-day, sunset or aparahna). Era years and lunar month names follow standard Vedic calculations and may differ slightly from regional almanacs around an Adhik Maas.
Jain Panchang 1948 - festivals and vrats through the year
The Jain Panchang lists 44 dates in 1948, opening with Rohini Vrat on 22 January and closing with Rohini Vrat on 15 December. Of these, 29 are vrats (fasting observances). November is the fullest month with 8 dates. The year runs through Vira Nirvana Samvat 2473 – 2474. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 21 April, Paryushan began on 30 August, Samvatsari fell on 6 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 31 October.
January 1948 Pausha – Magha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22 Jan | Thu | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Ekadashi |
February 1948 Magha – Phalguna
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Feb | Wed |
Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting. |
Krishna Dashami |
| 7 Feb | Sat |
Meru Trayodashi The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru. |
Krishna Trayodashi |
| 19 Feb | Thu | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Navami |
March 1948 Phalguna – Chaitra
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 Mar | Wed | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Shashthi |
| 18 Mar | Thu | Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat | Shukla Saptami |
| 24 Mar | Wed | Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat | Shukla Chaturdashi |
| 25 Mar | Thu | Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat | Shukla Purnima |
April 1948 Chaitra – Vaishakha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Apr | Thu | Varshitapa Arambha Vrat | Krishna Ashtami |
| 13 Apr | Tue | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Chaturthi |
| 16 Apr | Fri | Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat | Shukla Saptami |
| 21 Apr | Wed |
Mahavir Swami Jayanti The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity. |
Shukla Trayodashi |
| 23 Apr | Fri | Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat | Shukla Purnima |
May 1948 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 May | Tue | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Dwitiya |
| 11 May | Tue |
Varshitapa Parana The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast. |
Shukla Dwitiya |
| 18 May | Tue |
Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience. |
Shukla Dashami |
June 1948 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Jun | Mon | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Amavasya |
| 11 Jun | Fri |
Shruta Panchami The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down. |
Shukla Chaturthi |
July 1948 Ashadha – Shravana
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Jul | Sun | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Dwadashi |
| 13 Jul | Tue | Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat | Shukla Saptami |
| 20 Jul | Tue | Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat | Shukla Chaturdashi |
| 21 Jul | Wed | Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat | Shukla Purnima |
August 1948 Shravana – Bhadrapada
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Aug | Sun | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Ekadashi |
| 28 Aug | Sat | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Ashtami |
| 30 Aug | Mon |
Paryushana Parvarambha The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness. |
Krishna Dashami |
September 1948 Bhadrapada – Ashwina
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 Sep | Mon |
Samvatsari Parva The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being. |
Shukla Tritiya |
| 7 Sep | Tue |
Das Lakshana Parva Begins The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan. |
Shukla Panchami |
| 17 Sep | Fri | Anant Chaturdashi Vrat | Shukla Chaturdashi |
| 18 Sep | Sat |
Kshamavani Parva The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam. |
Shukla Purnima |
| 24 Sep | Fri | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Shashthi |
October 1948 Ashwina – Kartika
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9 Oct | Sat | Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat | Shukla Saptami |
| 17 Oct | Sun | Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat | Shukla Purnima |
| 22 Oct | Fri | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Chaturthi |
| 31 Oct | Sun |
Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali) Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon. |
Krishna Chaturdashi |
November 1948 Kartika – Margashirsha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Nov | Mon |
Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana. |
Krishna Amavasya |
| 3 Nov | Wed |
Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances. |
Shukla Dwitiya |
| 5 Nov | Fri |
Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami) Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami. |
Shukla Panchami |
| 8 Nov | Mon | Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat | Shukla Saptami |
| 15 Nov | Mon | Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat | Shukla Chaturdashi |
| 16 Nov | Tue | Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat | Shukla Purnima |
| 16 Nov | Tue |
Kartika Ratha Yatra The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas. |
Shukla Purnima |
| 18 Nov | Thu | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Krishna Dwitiya |
December 1948 Margashirsha – Pausha
| Date | Day | Festival / Vrat | Tithi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Dec | Sun | Maun Ekadashi Vrat | Shukla Ekadashi |
| 15 Dec | Wed | Rohini Vrat Vrat | Shukla Chaturdashi |
What happened in the sky in 1948
Beyond the dates the Jain Panchang lists, 1948 brought 4 eclipses - 2 solar and 2 lunar - of which 4 were above the horizon somewhere in India. Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) fell on 1 November, 11 days earlier in the year than in 1947 - a lunar year runs about eleven days short of a solar one.
Eclipses of 1948
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Apr 7:08 PM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) 2 days after Mahavir Swami Jayanti | Vaishakha Purnima | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 9 May 7:55 AM | Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) 2 days before Varshitapa Parana | Vaishakha Amavasya | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 18 Oct 8:05 AM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Kartika Purnima | Penumbral only |
| 1 Nov 11:28 AM | Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) on Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) | Kartika Amavasya | Yes - Sutak observed |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 3 of these. A penumbral (Upachhaya) eclipse is not counted as a grahan.
Guru and Shani in 1948
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 11 Feb 11:00 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Vrishchika → Dhanu |
| 22 Jun 8:50 PM | Guru (Jupiter) | Dhanu → Vrishchika re-entry while retrograde |
| 26 Jul 1:40 PM | Shani (Saturn) | Karka → Simha |
| 8 Oct 1:50 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Vrishchika → Dhanu |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Panchang 1948
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Panchang list in 1948?
The Jain Panchang lists 44 dates in 1948, of which 29 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Thursday, 22 January 1948, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Wednesday, 15 December 1948.
When was Paryushan in 1948?
Paryushan began on Monday, 30 August 1948 and closed on Samvatsari, Monday, 6 September 1948.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Tuesday, 7 September 1948.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 1948?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Wednesday, 21 April 1948 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 1948?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Sunday, 31 October 1948, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Monday, 1 November 1948.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Panchang for 1948?
The main observances in 1948 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Wednesday, 21 April 1948
- Paryushan - Monday, 30 August 1948
- Samvatsari - Monday, 6 September 1948
- Mahavir Nirvana - Sunday, 31 October 1948
Which month of 1948 has the most observances in the Jain Panchang?
November 1948 is the fullest month with 8 dates, including Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya), Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami), Kartika Ashtahnika Begins, Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas, Kartika Ashtahnika Ends, Kartika Ratha Yatra, Rohini Vrat.
Which traditional year does 1948 correspond to in the Jain Panchang?
The Gregorian year 1948 spans Vira Nirvana Samvat 2473 – 2474. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 1948 have an Adhik Maas?
No. 1948 had twelve lunar months with no Adhik Maas, so its festival dates fall in their usual Gregorian window rather than being pushed later by an intercalary month.
Were there any eclipses in 1948?
1948 had 4 eclipses:
- 23 April 1948 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 9 May 1948 - Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 18 October 1948 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), penumbral only, so no Sutak was observed
- 1 November 1948 - Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 3 of these were kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 1948?
Yes - 4 sign changes among the slow grahas in 1948:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Dhanu on 11 February 1948
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Vrishchika on 22 June 1948, moving retrograde
- Shani (Saturn) entered Simha on 26 July 1948
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Dhanu on 8 October 1948
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
How do I see the tithi and nakshatra for a specific date in 1948?
Use the month grid above: pick a month from the selector, then tap any day to open its full panchang - tithi with start and end times, nakshatra, yoga, karana, sunrise and sunset, and the inauspicious periods (Rahu Kalam, Yamaganda, Gulika Kalam). Set your city in the box at the top first, because these timings are sunrise-based and shift with location. The Jain Panchang opens on the current month.
About the Jain Panchang
The Jain Panchang (Vira Nirvana Samvat). Each day shows its tithi and nakshatra, with the Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan, Samvatsari, the Rohini Vrats, Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli.
Each day lists its tithi and paksha, the nakshatra, the weekday (vaar) and any festivals or vrats. Tap any day to see the full panchang for that date - tithi start and end times, nakshatra, yoga, karana, sunrise and sunset, and the inauspicious periods (Rahu Kalam, Yamaganda, Gulika Kalam). Use the month and year selectors to browse any year in the archive or plan ahead into the coming years.
This calendar names the tithi and festivals for each day. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and muhurat windows on a chosen date, open the Panchang. Other regional calendars are on the Calendars index. Fast stories live under Vrat Katha.
