Jain Calendar 1947
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1947, from Rohini Vrat on 5 January through Rohini Vrat on 26 December. November holds the most with 10 dates. The year runs through Vikram Samvat 2003 – 2004. 1947 carries an Adhik Maas (Shravana (Adhik)), the extra lunar month that pushes several dates later than usual. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 3 April, Paryushan began on 11 September, Samvatsari fell on 18 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 12 November.
Jain Festivals & Fasting Days
January 1947 Pausha – Magha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:03 PM, Jan 4 – 5:39 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak
Tithi 10:47 PM, Jan 15 – 1:02 AM, Jan 17
The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting.
-
Meru Trayodashi
Tithi 6:40 AM, Jan 19 – 9:20 AM
The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru.
February 1947 Magha – Phalguna
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:15 PM, Jan 31 – 12:52 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 5:05 AM – 3:41 AM, Feb 28
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:34 AM – 1:51 AM, Mar 1
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
March 1947 Phalguna – Chaitra
-
Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 1:24 PM, Mar 5 – 10:57 AM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 10:48 AM, Mar 6 – 8:44 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Varshitapa Arambha Vrat
Tithi 10:38 AM, Mar 14 – 1:16 PM
The beginning of Varshi Tap - a year-long penance of alternate-day fasting commemorating Bhagwan Rishabhadeva's long fast before his first alms.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:49 PM, Mar 27 – 12:50 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 12:51 PM, Mar 28 – 10:47 AM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
April 1947 Chaitra – Vaishakha
-
Mahavir Swami Jayanti
Tithi 12:39 AM – 10:58 PM
The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity.
-
Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 9:45 PM, Apr 4 – 8:52 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
-
Varshitapa Parana
Tithi 5:16 AM – 2:46 AM, Apr 24
The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:43 AM – 12:07 AM, Apr 25
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan
Tithi 12:58 PM, Apr 29 – 11:36 AM
The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience.
May 1947 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:15 PM, May 20 – 4:08 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Shruta Panchami
Tithi 9:29 AM, May 23 – 6:26 AM
The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down.
June 1947 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:53 AM, Jun 17 – 6:29 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 7:30 AM, Jun 24 – 6:22 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
July 1947 Ashadha – Shravana – Shravana (Adhik)
-
Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 11:21 AM, Jul 1 – 1:42 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 1:41 PM, Jul 2 – 4:08 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:33 PM, Jul 14 – 8:48 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
August 1947 Shravana (Adhik) – Bhadrapada
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 1:27 PM, Aug 10 – 11:42 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
September 1947 Bhadrapada – Ashwina
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:15 PM, Sep 7 – 8:39 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Paryushana Parvarambha
Tithi 3:59 PM, Sep 10 – 1:06 PM
The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness.
-
Samvatsari Parva
Tithi 7:16 PM, Sep 17 – 6:46 PM
The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being.
-
Das Lakshana Parva Begins
Tithi 6:48 PM, Sep 18 – 7:07 PM
The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan.
-
Anant Chaturdashi Vrat
Tithi 10:58 AM, Sep 28 – 11:45 AM
The closing day of Das Lakshana, when the fourteen-knot thread of Ananta is worshipped and the Ananta Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturdashi.
-
Kshamavani Parva
Tithi 11:52 AM, Sep 29 – 12:11 PM
The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam.
October 1947 Ashwina – Kartika
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:59 AM, Oct 4 – 8:30 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 2:58 PM, Oct 20 – 5:24 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
-
Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 2:31 AM – 1:47 AM, Oct 30
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
November 1947 Kartika – Margashirsha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:33 PM, Oct 31 – 8:36 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali)
Tithi 1:30 AM – 1:21 AM, Nov 13
Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon.
-
Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat)
Tithi 1:30 AM – 1:51 AM, Nov 14
The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana.
-
Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Tithi 2:00 AM – 2:53 AM, Nov 15
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances.
-
Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami)
Tithi 6:39 AM – 8:53 AM, Nov 18
Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami.
-
Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 11:36 AM, Nov 19 – 2:04 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 6:16 PM, Nov 26 – 4:32 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Kartika Ratha Yatra
Tithi 4:35 PM, Nov 27 – 2:16 PM
The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas.
-
Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:35 PM, Nov 27 – 2:16 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:21 PM, Nov 28 – 11:38 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
December 1947 Margashirsha – Pausha
-
Maun Ekadashi Vrat
Tithi 1:04 PM, Dec 23 – 12:02 PM
The great silent (Maun) fast of Margashirsha Shukla Ekadashi, on which 150 Kalyanaks of the Tirthankaras are commemorated - kept with silence, fasting and Posaha.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:43 AM, Dec 25 – 8:08 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
Tithi start and end times are shown in your local time. Festival dates follow the standard Indian (sunrise) calendar and may vary by a day in other regions, and may differ slightly from regional almanacs (especially around an Adhik Maas).
What happened in the sky in 1947
Beyond the dates the Jain Calendar lists, 1947 brought 4 eclipses - 2 solar and 2 lunar - of which 1 was above the horizon somewhere in India. The year also carried an Adhik Maas, the extra lunar month of Shravana, running from 19 July 1947 to 16 August 1947.
Eclipses of 1947
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 May 7:17 PM | Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Jyeshtha Amavasya | Not visible |
| 4 Jun 12:45 AM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Jyeshtha Krishna Pratipada | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 13 Nov 1:35 AM | Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) on Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) | Kartika Shukla Pratipada | Not visible |
| 28 Nov 2:04 PM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) on Kartika Ratha Yatra | Margashirsha Purnima | Not visible |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 1 of these.
Guru and Shani in 1947
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 18 Jan 2:00 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Tula → Vrishchika |
| 11 May 6:50 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Vrishchika → Tula re-entry while retrograde |
| 17 Sep 5:50 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Tula → Vrishchika |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half. Rahu entered Mesha on 18 November 1947, carrying the eclipse axis with it.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Calendar 1947
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Calendar list in 1947?
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1947, of which 30 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Sunday, 5 January 1947, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Friday, 26 December 1947.
When was Paryushan in 1947?
Paryushan began on Thursday, 11 September 1947 and closed on Samvatsari, Thursday, 18 September 1947.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Friday, 19 September 1947.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 1947?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Thursday, 3 April 1947 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 1947?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Wednesday, 12 November 1947, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Thursday, 13 November 1947.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Calendar for 1947?
The main observances in 1947 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Thursday, 3 April 1947
- Paryushan - Thursday, 11 September 1947
- Samvatsari - Thursday, 18 September 1947
- Mahavir Nirvana - Wednesday, 12 November 1947
Which month of 1947 has the most observances in the Jain Calendar?
November 1947 is the fullest month with 10 dates, including Rohini Vrat, Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali), Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya), Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami), Kartika Ashtahnika Begins, Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas, Kartika Ashtahnika Ends.
Which traditional year does 1947 correspond to in the Jain Calendar?
The Gregorian year 1947 spans Vikram Samvat 2003 – 2004. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 1947 have an Adhik Maas?
Yes. 1947 carried an Adhik Maas (Shravana (Adhik)), the extra lunar month inserted roughly every third year to keep the lunar calendar in step with the solar one. Festivals falling after it shift later in the Gregorian year, which is why 1947 dates can look out of place beside a neighbouring year.
Were there any eclipses in 1947?
1947 had 4 eclipses:
- 20 May 1947 - Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
- 4 June 1947 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 13 November 1947 - Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
- 28 November 1947 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), not visible from India
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 1 of these was kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 1947?
Yes - 3 sign changes among the slow grahas in 1947:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Vrishchika on 18 January 1947
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Tula on 11 May 1947, moving retrograde
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Vrishchika on 17 September 1947
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
Are these 1947 dates the same everywhere?
The dates follow the standard Indian sunrise-based calendar. Because a tithi begins and ends at a fixed moment rather than at midnight, an observance can fall a day earlier or later where sunrise differs - most noticeably outside India. Set your city in the box at the top to see the start and end times in your own local time, and check the daily Panchang for the exact window on the day.
About the Jain Calendar
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
Each entry lists the festival or vrat with its date, the prevailing tithi, and a short note on the observance. Use the year links to plan ahead into the coming years or to look up a date from the archive.
This list is the festival dates, not the daily five limbs. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and the day's yoga, open the Panchang. Other calendars are on the Calendars index. The story of a fast is under Vrat Katha.
