Jain Calendar 1974
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1974, from Rohini Vrat on 6 January through Rohini Vrat on 27 December. November holds the most with 10 dates. The year runs through Vikram Samvat 2030 – 2031. 1974 carries an Adhik Maas (Bhadrapada (Adhik)), the extra lunar month that pushes several dates later than usual. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 5 April, Paryushan began on 12 September, Samvatsari fell on 19 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 13 November.
Jain Festivals & Fasting Days
January 1974 Pausha – Magha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:41 AM – 1:37 AM, Jan 7
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak
Tithi 1:50 AM – 3:23 AM, Jan 18
The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting.
-
Meru Trayodashi
Tithi 8:22 AM, Jan 20 – 11:08 AM
The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru.
February 1974 Magha – Phalguna
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:16 PM, Feb 1 – 9:18 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
March 1974 Phalguna – Chaitra
-
Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 1:26 PM, Feb 28 – 12:15 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 12:23 PM, Mar 1 – 10:44 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 9:35 PM, Mar 6 – 6:28 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 6:27 PM, Mar 7 – 3:31 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Varshitapa Arambha Vrat
Tithi 11:32 AM, Mar 15 – 1:56 PM
The beginning of Varshi Tap - a year-long penance of alternate-day fasting commemorating Bhagwan Rishabhadeva's long fast before his first alms.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:30 PM, Mar 28 – 10:01 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 9:58 PM, Mar 29 – 8:14 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
April 1974 Chaitra – Vaishakha
-
Mahavir Swami Jayanti
Tithi 8:42 AM, Apr 4 – 6:25 AM
The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity.
-
Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:17 AM – 2:19 AM, Apr 7
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
-
Varshitapa Parana
Tithi 12:51 PM, Apr 24 – 10:53 AM
The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 12:51 PM, Apr 24 – 10:53 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
May 1974 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
-
Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan
Tithi 9:59 PM, Apr 30 – 8:01 PM
The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:04 AM – 11:41 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Shruta Panchami
Tithi 3:07 PM, May 25 – 12:24 PM
The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down.
June 1974 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:18 PM, Jun 18 – 1:33 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 3:25 PM, Jun 25 – 1:33 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
July 1974 Ashadha – Shravana
-
Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 2:11 PM, Jul 2 – 4:02 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:01 PM, Jul 3 – 6:08 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 8:14 AM, Jul 15 – 6:10 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
August 1974 Shravana – Bhadrapada – Bhadrapada (Adhik)
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 6:57 PM, Aug 12 – 5:10 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
September 1974 Bhadrapada (Adhik) – Ashwina
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 6:02 AM – 5:08 AM, Sep 10
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Paryushana Parvarambha
Tithi 12:43 AM – 10:00 PM
The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness.
-
Samvatsari Parva
Tithi 12:13 AM – 10:40 PM
The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being.
-
Das Lakshana Parva Begins
Tithi 10:51 PM, Sep 19 – 10:09 PM
The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan.
-
Anant Chaturdashi Vrat
Tithi 1:18 PM, Sep 29 – 2:54 PM
The closing day of Das Lakshana, when the fourteen-knot thread of Ananta is worshipped and the Ananta Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturdashi.
October 1974 Ashwina – Kartika
-
Kshamavani Parva
Tithi 2:57 PM, Sep 30 – 4:09 PM
The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:18 PM, Oct 5 – 4:37 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 4:04 PM, Oct 21 – 6:10 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
-
Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 7:01 AM, Oct 30 – 6:48 AM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
November 1974 Kartika – Margashirsha
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:32 AM – 4:30 AM, Nov 3
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
-
Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali)
Tithi 8:38 AM, Nov 12 – 7:23 AM
Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon.
-
Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat)
Tithi 6:23 AM – 5:38 AM, Nov 15
The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana.
-
Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Tithi 5:54 AM – 5:44 AM, Nov 16
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances.
-
Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami)
Tithi 7:58 AM, Nov 18 – 10:04 AM
Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami.
-
Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 12:21 PM, Nov 20 – 2:53 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 10:52 PM, Nov 27 – 10:09 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
-
Kartika Ratha Yatra
Tithi 10:04 PM, Nov 28 – 8:45 PM
The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas.
-
Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 10:04 PM, Nov 28 – 8:45 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 8:42 PM, Nov 29 – 6:54 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
December 1974 Margashirsha – Pausha
-
Maun Ekadashi Vrat
Tithi 4:36 PM, Dec 24 – 4:32 PM
The great silent (Maun) fast of Margashirsha Shukla Ekadashi, on which 150 Kalyanaks of the Tirthankaras are commemorated - kept with silence, fasting and Posaha.
-
Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:51 PM, Dec 26 – 2:12 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
Tithi start and end times are shown in your local time. Festival dates follow the standard Indian (sunrise) calendar and may vary by a day in other regions, and may differ slightly from regional almanacs (especially around an Adhik Maas).
What happened in the sky in 1974
Beyond the dates the Jain Calendar lists, 1974 brought 4 eclipses - 2 solar and 2 lunar - of which 2 were above the horizon somewhere in India. The year also carried an Adhik Maas, the extra lunar month of Bhadrapada, running from 18 August 1974 to 16 September 1974. Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) fell on 14 November, 19 days later in the year than in 1973 - a lunar year runs about eleven days short of a solar one.
Eclipses of 1974
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Jun 3:45 AM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Jyeshtha Krishna Pratipada | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 20 Jun 10:17 AM | Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Ashadha Amavasya | Not visible |
| 29 Nov 8:43 PM | Total lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) on Kartika Ratha Yatra | Margashirsha Purnima | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 13 Dec 9:42 PM | Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Margashirsha Amavasya | Not visible |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 2 of these.
Guru and Shani in 1974
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 9 Feb 10:40 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Makara → Kumbha |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half. Rahu entered Vrishchika on 25 March 1974, carrying the eclipse axis with it.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Calendar 1974
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Calendar list in 1974?
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1974, of which 30 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Sunday, 6 January 1974, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Friday, 27 December 1974.
When was Paryushan in 1974?
Paryushan began on Thursday, 12 September 1974 and closed on Samvatsari, Thursday, 19 September 1974.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Friday, 20 September 1974.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 1974?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Friday, 5 April 1974 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 1974?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Wednesday, 13 November 1974, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Thursday, 14 November 1974.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Calendar for 1974?
The main observances in 1974 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Friday, 5 April 1974
- Paryushan - Thursday, 12 September 1974
- Samvatsari - Thursday, 19 September 1974
- Mahavir Nirvana - Wednesday, 13 November 1974
Which month of 1974 has the most observances in the Jain Calendar?
November 1974 is the fullest month with 10 dates, including Rohini Vrat, Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali), Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya), Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami), Kartika Ashtahnika Begins, Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas, Kartika Ashtahnika Ends.
Which traditional year does 1974 correspond to in the Jain Calendar?
The Gregorian year 1974 spans Vikram Samvat 2030 – 2031. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 1974 have an Adhik Maas?
Yes. 1974 carried an Adhik Maas (Bhadrapada (Adhik)), the extra lunar month inserted roughly every third year to keep the lunar calendar in step with the solar one. Festivals falling after it shift later in the Gregorian year, which is why 1974 dates can look out of place beside a neighbouring year.
Were there any eclipses in 1974?
1974 had 4 eclipses:
- 5 June 1974 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 20 June 1974 - Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
- 29 November 1974 - Total lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 13 December 1974 - Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 2 of these were kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 1974?
Yes - 1 sign change among the slow grahas in 1974:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Kumbha on 9 February 1974
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
Are these 1974 dates the same everywhere?
The dates follow the standard Indian sunrise-based calendar. Because a tithi begins and ends at a fixed moment rather than at midnight, an observance can fall a day earlier or later where sunrise differs - most noticeably outside India. Set your city in the box at the top to see the start and end times in your own local time, and check the daily Panchang for the exact window on the day.
About the Jain Calendar
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
Each entry lists the festival or vrat with its date, the prevailing tithi, and a short note on the observance. Use the year links to plan ahead into the coming years or to look up a date from the archive.
This list is the festival dates, not the daily five limbs. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and the day's yoga, open the Panchang. Other calendars are on the Calendars index. The story of a fast is under Vrat Katha.
