Jain Calendar 1955
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1955, from Rohini Vrat on 6 January through Rohini Vrat on 27 December. November holds the most with 10 dates. The year runs through Vikram Samvat 2011 – 2012. 1955 carries an Adhik Maas (Bhadrapada (Adhik)), the extra lunar month that pushes several dates later than usual. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 5 April, Paryushan began on 13 September, Samvatsari fell on 20 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 13 November.
Jain Festivals & Fasting Days
January 1955 Pausha – Magha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:54 AM – 11:54 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak
Tithi 7:25 PM, Jan 17 – 10:05 PM
The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting.
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Meru Trayodashi
Tithi 2:53 AM – 4:51 AM, Jan 22
The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru.
February 1955 Magha – Phalguna
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:27 PM, Feb 1 – 5:14 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
March 1955 Phalguna – Chaitra
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 9:14 AM, Feb 28 – 7:10 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:14 AM, Feb 28 – 7:10 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 10:03 PM, Mar 6 – 9:21 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 9:24 PM, Mar 7 – 9:06 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Varshitapa Arambha Vrat
Tithi 8:58 AM, Mar 16 – 11:15 AM
The beginning of Varshi Tap - a year-long penance of alternate-day fasting commemorating Bhagwan Rishabhadeva's long fast before his first alms.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 6:55 PM, Mar 28 – 4:32 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 4:30 PM, Mar 29 – 2:30 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
April 1955 Chaitra – Vaishakha
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Mahavir Swami Jayanti
Tithi 9:58 AM, Apr 4 – 10:21 AM
The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 10:53 AM, Apr 6 – 12:04 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Varshitapa Parana
Tithi 11:28 AM, Apr 24 – 8:10 AM
The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:28 AM, Apr 24 – 8:10 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
May 1955 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
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Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan
Tithi 8:51 PM, Apr 30 – 8:48 PM
The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:28 AM – 10:41 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Shruta Panchami
Tithi 12:39 PM, May 25 – 10:28 AM
The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down.
June 1955 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:03 PM, Jun 18 – 1:23 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 7:00 PM, Jun 25 – 6:51 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
July 1955 Ashadha – Shravana
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Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 6:23 AM, Jul 3 – 8:45 AM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 8:51 AM, Jul 4 – 10:58 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 8:56 AM, Jul 15 – 5:58 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
August 1955 Shravana – Bhadrapada – Bhadrapada (Adhik)
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:52 PM, Aug 12 – 2:25 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
September 1955 Bhadrapada (Adhik) – Ashwina
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 2:31 AM – 12:27 AM, Sep 10
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Paryushana Parvarambha
Tithi 6:10 PM, Sep 12 – 4:13 PM
The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness.
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Samvatsari Parva
Tithi 11:34 AM, Sep 19 – 1:00 PM
The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being.
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Das Lakshana Parva Begins
Tithi 12:54 PM, Sep 20 – 2:53 PM
The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan.
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Anant Chaturdashi Vrat
Tithi 3:29 AM – 2:39 AM, Oct 1
The closing day of Das Lakshana, when the fourteen-knot thread of Ananta is worshipped and the Ananta Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturdashi.
October 1955 Ashwina – Kartika
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Kshamavani Parva
Tithi 2:25 AM – 12:57 AM, Oct 2
The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:26 PM, Oct 5 – 1:00 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 1:02 PM, Oct 22 – 3:30 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 2:24 PM, Oct 30 – 11:34 AM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
November 1955 Kartika – Margashirsha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:22 AM – 2:13 AM, Nov 3
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali)
Tithi 2:20 PM, Nov 12 – 3:44 PM
Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon.
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Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat)
Tithi 3:41 PM, Nov 13 – 5:29 PM
The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana.
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Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Tithi 7:39 PM, Nov 15 – 10:06 PM
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances.
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Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami)
Tithi 3:36 AM – 6:19 AM, Nov 20
Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 8:47 AM, Nov 21 – 10:20 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 4:59 AM – 1:58 AM, Nov 29
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Kartika Ratha Yatra
Tithi 1:49 AM – 10:23 PM
The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 1:49 AM – 10:23 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:20 PM, Nov 29 – 6:42 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
December 1955 Margashirsha – Pausha
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Maun Ekadashi Vrat
Tithi 12:52 AM – 10:49 PM
The great silent (Maun) fast of Margashirsha Shukla Ekadashi, on which 150 Kalyanaks of the Tirthankaras are commemorated - kept with silence, fasting and Posaha.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:56 PM, Dec 26 – 4:38 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
Tithi start and end times are shown in your local time. Festival dates follow the standard Indian (sunrise) calendar and may vary by a day in other regions, and may differ slightly from regional almanacs (especially around an Adhik Maas).
What happened in the sky in 1955
Beyond the dates the Jain Calendar lists, 1955 brought 5 eclipses - 2 solar and 3 lunar - of which 5 were above the horizon somewhere in India. The year also carried an Adhik Maas, the extra lunar month of Bhadrapada, running from 18 August 1955 to 16 September 1955. Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) fell on 14 November, 18 days later in the year than in 1954 - a lunar year runs about eleven days short of a solar one.
Eclipses of 1955
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 Jan 6:02 PM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Pausha Purnima | Penumbral only |
| 5 Jun 7:52 PM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Jyeshtha Purnima | Penumbral only |
| 20 Jun 9:40 AM | Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Ashadha Amavasya | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 29 Nov 10:29 PM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) on Kartika Ratha Yatra | Margashirsha Purnima | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 14 Dec 12:31 PM | Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Margashirsha Amavasya | Yes - Sutak observed |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 3 of these. A penumbral (Upachhaya) eclipse is not counted as a grahan.
Guru and Shani in 1955
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 28 Jan 6:00 PM | Guru (Jupiter) | Karka → Mithuna re-entry while retrograde |
| 3 May 4:20 PM | Guru (Jupiter) | Mithuna → Karka |
| 1 Oct 5:30 PM | Guru (Jupiter) | Karka → Simha |
| 12 Nov 12:10 PM | Shani (Saturn) | Tula → Vrishchika |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half. Rahu entered Vrishchika on 19 August 1955, carrying the eclipse axis with it.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Calendar 1955
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Calendar list in 1955?
The Jain Calendar lists 45 dates in 1955, of which 30 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Thursday, 6 January 1955, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Tuesday, 27 December 1955.
When was Paryushan in 1955?
Paryushan began on Tuesday, 13 September 1955 and closed on Samvatsari, Tuesday, 20 September 1955.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Wednesday, 21 September 1955.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 1955?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Tuesday, 5 April 1955 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 1955?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Sunday, 13 November 1955, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Monday, 14 November 1955.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Calendar for 1955?
The main observances in 1955 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Tuesday, 5 April 1955
- Paryushan - Tuesday, 13 September 1955
- Samvatsari - Tuesday, 20 September 1955
- Mahavir Nirvana - Sunday, 13 November 1955
Which month of 1955 has the most observances in the Jain Calendar?
November 1955 is the fullest month with 10 dates, including Rohini Vrat, Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali), Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya), Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami), Kartika Ashtahnika Begins, Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas, Kartika Ashtahnika Ends.
Which traditional year does 1955 correspond to in the Jain Calendar?
The Gregorian year 1955 spans Vikram Samvat 2011 – 2012. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 1955 have an Adhik Maas?
Yes. 1955 carried an Adhik Maas (Bhadrapada (Adhik)), the extra lunar month inserted roughly every third year to keep the lunar calendar in step with the solar one. Festivals falling after it shift later in the Gregorian year, which is why 1955 dates can look out of place beside a neighbouring year.
Were there any eclipses in 1955?
1955 had 5 eclipses:
- 8 January 1955 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), penumbral only, so no Sutak was observed
- 5 June 1955 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), penumbral only, so no Sutak was observed
- 20 June 1955 - Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 29 November 1955 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 14 December 1955 - Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 3 of these were kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 1955?
Yes - 4 sign changes among the slow grahas in 1955:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Mithuna on 28 January 1955, moving retrograde
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Karka on 3 May 1955
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Simha on 1 October 1955
- Shani (Saturn) entered Vrishchika on 12 November 1955
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
Are these 1955 dates the same everywhere?
The dates follow the standard Indian sunrise-based calendar. Because a tithi begins and ends at a fixed moment rather than at midnight, an observance can fall a day earlier or later where sunrise differs - most noticeably outside India. Set your city in the box at the top to see the start and end times in your own local time, and check the daily Panchang for the exact window on the day.
About the Jain Calendar
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
Each entry lists the festival or vrat with its date, the prevailing tithi, and a short note on the observance. Use the year links to plan ahead into the coming years or to look up a date from the archive.
This list is the festival dates, not the daily five limbs. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and the day's yoga, open the Panchang. Other calendars are on the Calendars index. The story of a fast is under Vrat Katha.
