Jain Calendar 1954
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
The Jain Calendar lists 44 dates in 1954, from Rohini Vrat on 15 January through Rohini Vrat on 9 December. October holds the most with 6 dates. The year runs through Vikram Samvat 2010 – 2011. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 16 April, Paryushan began on 25 August, Samvatsari fell on 1 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 26 October.
Jain Festivals & Fasting Days
January 1954 Pausha – Magha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 12:53 PM, Jan 14 – 11:20 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak
Tithi 12:01 AM – 1:30 AM, Jan 30
The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting.
February 1954 Magha – Phalguna
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Meru Trayodashi
Tithi 1:51 AM – 1:12 AM, Feb 2
The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:46 PM, Feb 11 – 10:47 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
March 1954 Phalguna – Chaitra
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 1:29 PM, Mar 10 – 11:57 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 1:29 PM, Mar 10 – 11:57 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 2:10 PM, Mar 17 – 4:04 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:03 PM, Mar 18 – 6:11 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Varshitapa Arambha Vrat
Tithi 9:34 AM, Mar 27 – 9:58 AM
The beginning of Varshi Tap - a year-long penance of alternate-day fasting commemorating Bhagwan Rishabhadeva's long fast before his first alms.
April 1954 Chaitra – Vaishakha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:40 AM – 1:01 AM, Apr 8
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 11:35 PM, Apr 8 – 10:31 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Mahavir Swami Jayanti
Tithi 4:09 AM, Apr 15 – 6:29 AM
The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 8:53 AM, Apr 17 – 11:18 AM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
May 1954 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
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Varshitapa Parana
Tithi 6:39 PM, May 4 – 3:45 PM
The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 6:39 PM, May 4 – 3:45 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan
Tithi 1:43 PM, May 11 – 3:44 PM
The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience.
June 1954 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 12:45 PM, May 31 – 9:32 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Shruta Panchami
Tithi 12:57 AM – 12:17 AM, Jun 6
The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 1:32 AM – 10:44 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
July 1954 Ashadha – Shravana
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 4:04 PM, Jul 6 – 5:56 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 5:45 AM, Jul 14 – 6:01 AM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 6:16 AM, Jul 15 – 5:59 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:58 AM, Jul 25 – 9:53 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
August 1954 Shravana – Bhadrapada
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:18 PM, Aug 21 – 7:28 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Paryushana Parvarambha
Tithi 4:49 PM, Aug 24 – 4:01 PM
The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness.
September 1954 Bhadrapada – Ashwina
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Samvatsari Parva
Tithi 7:30 PM, Aug 31 – 9:33 PM
The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being.
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Das Lakshana Parva Begins
Tithi 9:36 PM, Sep 1 – 11:56 PM
The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan.
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Anant Chaturdashi Vrat
Tithi 8:46 AM, Sep 10 – 6:50 AM
The closing day of Das Lakshana, when the fourteen-knot thread of Ananta is worshipped and the Ananta Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturdashi.
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Kshamavani Parva
Tithi 4:35 AM – 2:01 AM, Sep 13
The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:49 AM, Sep 17 – 7:31 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
October 1954 Ashwina – Kartika
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 8:23 PM, Oct 3 – 10:23 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 2:21 PM, Oct 11 – 10:40 AM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 8:23 PM, Oct 15 – 5:43 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali)
Tithi 8:54 PM, Oct 25 – 11:14 PM
Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon.
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Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat)
Tithi 11:16 PM, Oct 26 – 1:46 AM, Oct 28
The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana.
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Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Tithi 1:48 AM – 4:24 AM, Oct 29
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances.
November 1954 Kartika – Margashirsha
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Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami)
Tithi 9:36 AM, Oct 31 – 11:36 AM
Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 1:24 PM, Nov 2 – 2:15 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 3:38 AM – 11:58 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Kartika Ratha Yatra
Tithi 11:53 PM, Nov 9 – 7:59 PM
The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 11:53 PM, Nov 9 – 7:59 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:03 PM, Nov 11 – 12:30 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
December 1954 Margashirsha – Pausha
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Maun Ekadashi Vrat
Tithi 11:07 PM, Dec 5 – 8:24 PM
The great silent (Maun) fast of Margashirsha Shukla Ekadashi, on which 150 Kalyanaks of the Tirthankaras are commemorated - kept with silence, fasting and Posaha.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 1:37 PM, Dec 8 – 10:00 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
Tithi start and end times are shown in your local time. Festival dates follow the standard Indian (sunrise) calendar and may vary by a day in other regions, and may differ slightly from regional almanacs (especially around an Adhik Maas).
What happened in the sky in 1954
Beyond the dates the Jain Calendar lists, 1954 brought 5 eclipses - 3 solar and 2 lunar - of which 3 were above the horizon somewhere in India. Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) fell on 27 October, 11 days earlier in the year than in 1953 - a lunar year runs about eleven days short of a solar one.
Eclipses of 1954
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Jan 8:01 AM | Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Pausha Amavasya | Not visible |
| 19 Jan 8:01 AM | Total lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Magha Purnima | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 30 Jun 6:02 PM | Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Ashadha Amavasya | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 16 Jul 5:50 AM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Ashadha Purnima | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 25 Dec 1:06 PM | Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) | Pausha Amavasya | Not visible |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 3 of these.
Guru and Shani in 1954
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 20 Apr 4:20 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Vrishabha → Mithuna |
| 9 Sep 6:50 PM | Guru (Jupiter) | Mithuna → Karka |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half. Rahu entered Dhanu on 30 January 1954, carrying the eclipse axis with it.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Calendar 1954
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Calendar list in 1954?
The Jain Calendar lists 44 dates in 1954, of which 29 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Friday, 15 January 1954, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Thursday, 9 December 1954.
When was Paryushan in 1954?
Paryushan began on Wednesday, 25 August 1954 and closed on Samvatsari, Wednesday, 1 September 1954.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Thursday, 2 September 1954.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 1954?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Friday, 16 April 1954 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 1954?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Tuesday, 26 October 1954, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Wednesday, 27 October 1954.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Calendar for 1954?
The main observances in 1954 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Friday, 16 April 1954
- Paryushan - Wednesday, 25 August 1954
- Samvatsari - Wednesday, 1 September 1954
- Mahavir Nirvana - Tuesday, 26 October 1954
Which month of 1954 has the most observances in the Jain Calendar?
October 1954 is the fullest month with 6 dates, including Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins, Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends, Rohini Vrat, Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali), Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya).
Which traditional year does 1954 correspond to in the Jain Calendar?
The Gregorian year 1954 spans Vikram Samvat 2010 – 2011. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 1954 have an Adhik Maas?
No. 1954 had twelve lunar months with no Adhik Maas, so its festival dates fall in their usual Gregorian window rather than being pushed later by an intercalary month.
Were there any eclipses in 1954?
1954 had 5 eclipses:
- 5 January 1954 - Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
- 19 January 1954 - Total lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 30 June 1954 - Total solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 16 July 1954 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 25 December 1954 - Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 3 of these were kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 1954?
Yes - 2 sign changes among the slow grahas in 1954:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Mithuna on 20 April 1954
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Karka on 9 September 1954
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
Are these 1954 dates the same everywhere?
The dates follow the standard Indian sunrise-based calendar. Because a tithi begins and ends at a fixed moment rather than at midnight, an observance can fall a day earlier or later where sunrise differs - most noticeably outside India. Set your city in the box at the top to see the start and end times in your own local time, and check the daily Panchang for the exact window on the day.
About the Jain Calendar
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
Each entry lists the festival or vrat with its date, the prevailing tithi, and a short note on the observance. Use the year links to plan ahead into the coming years or to look up a date from the archive.
This list is the festival dates, not the daily five limbs. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and the day's yoga, open the Panchang. Other calendars are on the Calendars index. The story of a fast is under Vrat Katha.
