Jain Calendar 2013
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
The Jain Calendar lists 47 dates in 2013, from Rohini Vrat on 22 January through Rohini Vrat on 16 December. November holds the most with 9 dates. The year runs through Vikram Samvat 2069 – 2070. Mahavir Jayanti fell on 24 April, Paryushan began on 2 September, Samvatsari fell on 9 September and Mahavir Nirvana fell on 3 November.
Jain Festivals & Fasting Days
January 2013 Pausha – Magha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 11:22 PM, Jan 21 – 2:09 AM, Jan 23
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
February 2013 Magha – Phalguna
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Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak
Tithi 4:32 AM – 2:19 AM, Feb 6
The birth anniversary (Janma Kalyanak) of Bhagwan Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, on Pausha Krishna Dashami - kept with the Uvasaggaharam Stotra jaap and fasting.
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Meru Trayodashi
Tithi 8:51 PM, Feb 7 – 6:02 PM
The nirvana (moksha) day of the first Tirthankara, Bhagwan Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), venerated with worship of the sacred Mount Meru.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 3:19 PM, Feb 18 – 6:01 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
March 2013 Phalguna – Chaitra
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:32 AM, Mar 17 – 7:03 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 7:01 AM, Mar 18 – 9:38 AM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 5:26 PM, Mar 25 – 4:28 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Phalguna Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:30 PM, Mar 26 – 2:59 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
April 2013 Chaitra – Vaishakha
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Varshitapa Arambha Vrat
Tithi 11:08 PM, Apr 2 – 9:03 PM
The beginning of Varshi Tap - a year-long penance of alternate-day fasting commemorating Bhagwan Rishabhadeva's long fast before his first alms.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:16 PM, Apr 13 – 9:31 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 9:34 PM, Apr 14 – 12:03 AM, Apr 16
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 2:38 AM – 5:05 AM, Apr 18
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Mahavir Swami Jayanti
Tithi 8:07 AM, Apr 23 – 6:14 AM
The birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, on Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi - celebrated with processions, abhishek and charity.
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Chaitra Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 4:04 AM – 1:37 AM, Apr 26
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
May 2013 Vaishakha – Jyeshtha
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Varshitapa Parana
Tithi 7:55 AM, May 11 – 10:18 AM
The breaking (parana) of the year-long Varshi Tap with sugarcane juice on Akshaya Tritiya, as Bhagwan Rishabhadeva broke his fast.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:55 AM, May 11 – 10:18 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Mahavira Swami Kevalagyan
Tithi 10:49 PM, May 19 – 10:30 PM
The day Bhagwan Mahavira attained Kevala Jnana - infinite knowledge and omniscience.
June 2013 Jyeshtha – Ashadha
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 7:01 PM, Jun 7 – 9:25 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Shruta Panchami
Tithi 7:04 AM, Jun 13 – 8:43 AM
The Digambara festival venerating the Jain scriptures (Shruta) on Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami - commemorating the day the Shatkhandagama was first written down.
July 2013 Ashadha – Shravana
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:18 AM – 7:45 AM, Jul 6
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 9:21 PM, Jul 14 – 9:16 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Ashadha Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 10:55 AM, Jul 20 – 7:16 AM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Ashadha Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 3:31 AM – 11:44 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
August 2013 Shravana – Bhadrapada
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 1:41 PM, Jul 31 – 4:01 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:01 PM, Aug 1 – 6:32 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:10 AM – 6:28 AM, Aug 30
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
September 2013 Bhadrapada – Ashwina
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Paryushana Parvarambha
Tithi 11:31 AM, Sep 1 – 1:31 PM
The start of Paryushan - the holiest eight-day festival of the Jains - of fasting, scriptural study, penance and forgiveness.
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Samvatsari Parva
Tithi 4:52 PM, Sep 8 – 4:01 PM
The final and holiest day of Paryushan - of Pratikraman and Michhami Dukkadam, seeking forgiveness from every living being.
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Das Lakshana Parva Begins
Tithi 4:03 PM, Sep 9 – 2:52 PM
The ten-day Digambara festival of the ten supreme virtues (dharma), from Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami to Chaturdashi - the Digambara counterpart of Paryushan.
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Anant Chaturdashi Vrat
Tithi 8:57 PM, Sep 17 – 6:36 PM
The closing day of Das Lakshana, when the fourteen-knot thread of Ananta is worshipped and the Ananta Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturdashi.
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Kshamavani Parva
Tithi 6:36 PM, Sep 18 – 4:39 PM
The Digambara day of universal forgiveness, the day after Das Lakshana - Jains seek and grant pardon with the words Uttam Kshama and Michhami Dukkadam.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 4:00 PM, Sep 24 – 5:53 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
October 2013 Ashwina – Kartika
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Begins Vrat
Tithi 7:50 PM, Oct 10 – 5:38 PM
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Ashwina Navapada Oli Ends Vrat
Tithi 5:34 AM – 4:53 AM, Oct 19
The nine-day Ayambil (Navpad) Oli - a semi-fast venerating the nine supreme entities (Navpad), observed twice a year in Chaitra and Ashwin.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 5:36 AM, Oct 21 – 7:06 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 6:54 AM, Oct 22 – 8:51 AM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
November 2013 Kartika – Margashirsha
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Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali)
Tithi 8:16 PM, Nov 2 – 6:23 PM
Diwali marks the nirvana (final liberation) of Bhagwan Mahavira at Pavapuri; Jains keep it with fasting, the Nirvana Laddu and recitation of his last sermon.
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Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat)
Tithi 6:23 PM, Nov 3 – 4:03 PM
The first day of the Jain Vira Nirvana Samvat year - the morning after Mahavira's nirvana, also the day Gautam Swami attained Kevala Jnana.
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Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya)
Tithi 4:04 PM, Nov 4 – 1:26 PM
Sisters honour their brothers on Kartika Shukla Dwitiya, the day Gautam Swami is said to have visited his sister, closing the Diwali observances.
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Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami)
Tithi 10:40 AM, Nov 6 – 7:54 AM
Knowledge (Jnan) Panchami - Jain scriptures and the gift of knowledge are venerated; in Gujarat it is also kept as Labh Panchami.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Begins Vrat
Tithi 2:41 AM – 12:21 AM, Nov 10
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas Vrat
Tithi 7:03 PM, Nov 15 – 7:39 PM
The Chaturmasic Chaudas closing one of the three four-month periods, marked by Pratikraman, fasting and penance.
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Kartika Ratha Yatra
Tithi 7:40 PM, Nov 16 – 8:41 PM
The Kartik Purnima chariot procession (Ratha Yatra) and the great pilgrimage to Shatrunjaya (Palitana), reopened after the Chaturmas.
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Kartika Ashtahnika Ends Vrat
Tithi 7:40 PM, Nov 16 – 8:41 PM
The eight-day Ashtahnika Parva preceding the Chaumasi, when the Jains venerate the eternal (shashvata) Jina images with collective worship.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:12 PM, Nov 18 – 12:00 AM, Nov 20
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
December 2013 Margashirsha – Pausha
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Maun Ekadashi Vrat
Tithi 7:29 AM, Dec 12 – 8:21 AM
The great silent (Maun) fast of Margashirsha Shukla Ekadashi, on which 150 Kalyanaks of the Tirthankaras are commemorated - kept with silence, fasting and Posaha.
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Rohini Vrat Vrat
Tithi 10:54 AM, Dec 15 – 12:50 PM
A fasting day observed when the Rohini nakshatra prevails - kept mainly by Jain women for the long life and well-being of their husbands. There are twelve Rohini fasting days in a year.
Tithi start and end times are shown in your local time. Festival dates follow the standard Indian (sunrise) calendar and may vary by a day in other regions, and may differ slightly from regional almanacs (especially around an Adhik Maas).
What happened in the sky in 2013
Beyond the dates the Jain Calendar lists, 2013 brought 5 eclipses - 2 solar and 3 lunar - of which 2 were above the horizon somewhere in India. Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) fell on 4 November, 11 days earlier in the year than in 2012 - a lunar year runs about eleven days short of a solar one.
Eclipses of 2013
| Date (IST) | Eclipse | Hindu date | Seen from India |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Apr 1:37 AM | Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) 2 days after Mahavir Swami Jayanti | Vaishakha Krishna Pratipada | Yes - Sutak observed |
| 10 May 5:55 AM | Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) 2 days before Varshitapa Parana | Vaishakha Amavasya | Not visible |
| 25 May 9:40 AM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Jyeshtha Purnima | Not visible |
| 19 Oct 5:20 AM | Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan) | Kartika Krishna Pratipada | Penumbral only |
| 3 Nov 6:16 PM | Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan) on Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali) | Kartika Amavasya | Not visible |
Sutak Kaal was observed for 1 of these. A penumbral (Upachhaya) eclipse is not counted as a grahan.
Guru and Shani in 2013
| Date | Graha | Sign change |
|---|---|---|
| 31 May 7:00 AM | Guru (Jupiter) | Vrishabha → Mithuna |
Jupiter takes about a year to cross a sign, Saturn about two and a half.
Related Calculators
Frequently asked questions about the Jain Calendar 2013
How many festivals and vrats does the Jain Calendar list in 2013?
The Jain Calendar lists 47 dates in 2013, of which 32 are vrats. The first is Rohini Vrat on Tuesday, 22 January 2013, and the last is Rohini Vrat on Monday, 16 December 2013.
When was Paryushan in 2013?
Paryushan began on Monday, 2 September 2013 and closed on Samvatsari, Monday, 9 September 2013.
The Digambara Das Lakshana Parva began on Tuesday, 10 September 2013.
When was Mahavir Jayanti in 2013?
Mahavir Swami Jayanti fell on Wednesday, 24 April 2013 (Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi), the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavira.
When was Mahavir Nirvana in 2013?
Mahavir Nirvana was observed on Sunday, 3 November 2013, the same day as Diwali.
The Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat) began the next morning, Monday, 4 November 2013.
What are the main festival dates in the Jain Calendar for 2013?
The main observances in 2013 are:
- Mahavir Jayanti - Wednesday, 24 April 2013
- Paryushan - Monday, 2 September 2013
- Samvatsari - Monday, 9 September 2013
- Mahavir Nirvana - Sunday, 3 November 2013
Which month of 2013 has the most observances in the Jain Calendar?
November 2013 is the fullest month with 9 dates, including Mahavir Nirvana (Diwali), Jain New Year (Vira Nirvana Samvat), Bhai Dooj (Bhratri Dwitiya), Jnan Panchami (Labh Panchami), Kartika Ashtahnika Begins, Kartika Chaumasi Chaudas, Kartika Ashtahnika Ends, Kartika Ratha Yatra.
Which traditional year does 2013 correspond to in the Jain Calendar?
The Gregorian year 2013 spans Vikram Samvat 2069 – 2070. The traditional year does not begin on 1 January, so one Gregorian year usually covers the end of one era year and the start of the next.
Did 2013 have an Adhik Maas?
No. 2013 had twelve lunar months with no Adhik Maas, so its festival dates fall in their usual Gregorian window rather than being pushed later by an intercalary month.
Were there any eclipses in 2013?
2013 had 5 eclipses:
- 26 April 2013 - Partial lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), visible in India, so Sutak Kaal was observed
- 10 May 2013 - Annular solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
- 25 May 2013 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), not visible from India
- 19 October 2013 - Penumbral lunar eclipse (Chandra Grahan), penumbral only, so no Sutak was observed
- 3 November 2013 - Partial solar eclipse (Surya Grahan), not visible from India
Sutak Kaal is observed only for an eclipse actually visible where you are, so 1 of these was kept in India.
Did Guru or Shani change sign in 2013?
Yes - 1 sign change among the slow grahas in 2013:
- Guru (Jupiter) entered Mithuna on 31 May 2013
Jupiter takes about a year to cross one sign and Saturn about two and a half, so these transits colour the whole year rather than a single week.
Are these 2013 dates the same everywhere?
The dates follow the standard Indian sunrise-based calendar. Because a tithi begins and ends at a fixed moment rather than at midnight, an observance can fall a day earlier or later where sunrise differs - most noticeably outside India. Set your city in the box at the top to see the start and end times in your own local time, and check the daily Panchang for the exact window on the day.
About the Jain Calendar
A month-by-month list of the significant Jain festivals and fasting (upvas) days - Paryushan and Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, the twelve Rohini Vrats, the Ashtahnika and Navpad Oli parvas, the Chaumasi Chaudas, Varshi Tap and Mahavir Nirvana - with the date and tithi of each.
Each entry lists the festival or vrat with its date, the prevailing tithi, and a short note on the observance. Use the year links to plan ahead into the coming years or to look up a date from the archive.
This list is the festival dates, not the daily five limbs. For sunrise, Rahu Kalam and the day's yoga, open the Panchang. Other calendars are on the Calendars index. The story of a fast is under Vrat Katha.
